What characterizes Boerhaave's Syndrome?

Boerhaave's Syndrome is characterized specifically as a spontaneous non-traumatic rupture of the esophagus. This condition typically occurs following a forceful episode of vomiting, which causes the esophagus to tear. Unlike traumatic ruptures, which result from external injury, Boerhaave’s occurs without any external physical force applied to the chest area.

This condition is critical to recognize because it presents with severe chest pain, mediastinal air, and potential complications such as mediastinitis if not promptly diagnosed and treated. The distinction of being spontaneous emphasizes that it can happen in apparently healthy individuals, often in the context of increased intra-esophageal pressure.

The other options represent different conditions of the esophagus but do not align with the defining features of Boerhaave's Syndrome. Understanding this distinction helps in clinical assessment and prioritizing urgent care in suspected cases.