What are the cells in the small intestine that replace the epithelium called?

The cells in the small intestine that replace the epithelium are referred to as the crypts of Lieberkuhn. These are specialized intestinal glands located in the mucosa of the small intestine. They play a crucial role in intestinal health by containing stem cells that continuously divide and give rise to various types of epithelial cells, thus maintaining the epithelial layer in the intestine.

The crypts of Lieberkuhn not only aid in replenishing the epithelial cells but also produce intestinal juices that help with the digestion and absorption processes. This regenerative capability is essential given that the intestinal epithelium experiences a high rate of turnover due to mechanical wear and tear from food passage and exposure to digestive enzymes.

In contrast, pancreatic acinar cells are related to the production of digestive enzymes in the pancreas, brush border cells refer to the microvilli-covered cells on the apical surface of intestinal epithelial cells, and goblet cells are responsible for secreting mucus to facilitate the smooth passage of intestinal contents. Understanding the specific functions of these different cell types helps clarify the unique role of the crypts of Lieberkuhn in maintaining the integrity of the intestinal lining.